How Europe's surging populist right is reshaping the political establishment

TL;DR

Right-wing populist parties are gaining significant traction across Europe, challenging established conservative parties.
Reform UK in Britain, AfD in Germany, and National Rally in France are examples of these surging movements.
Established conservative parties are being forced to choose between adopting harder-line positions on immigration and national identity or losing voters to populist rivals.
The shift in political debate, moving from economic issues to identity and nationalism, is a key factor in the rise of these parties.
In Germany, the AfD is challenging the traditional center-right, while in France, Marine Le Pen's National Rally has surpassed the traditional right.
Britain's Conservative Party is fighting for survival after electoral defeat, with Reform UK capitalizing on anger over immigration.

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